Southwark's Kirkaldy's Testing Works added to Heritage at Risk Register
The Grade II* listed Victorian laboratory faces deterioration due to extensive damp.
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Kirkaldy's Testing Works, located in Southwark, has been added to Historic England's 2026 Heritage at Risk Register. The decision follows extensive damp and water damage identified in the building's basement, which puts the historic site at risk of further deterioration. The register provides an annual assessment of England's historic buildings and places, identifying those vulnerable to neglect, decay, or unsuitable development.
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Constructed in 1873, Kirkaldy's Testing Works is recognised as the world's first purpose-built commercial materials testing laboratory. The Grade II* listed building was designed to house the Universal Testing Machine, an engineering feat created by David Kirkaldy. This machine, weighing 116 tons, could apply up to one million pounds of force to test the strength and durability of materials such as iron and steel. Kirkaldy was instrumental in pioneering the scientific testing of materials and famously tested components for the Tay Bridge following its collapse in 1879.
The Universal Testing Machine remains in working condition and is still used for public demonstrations. Kirkaldy's Testing Works operates as a visitor attraction and hosts educational tours, aiming to preserve the history of materials science and the Kirkaldy family's contributions.
The Heritage at Risk Register
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The Heritage at Risk Register, published on 5 November 2026, provides a snapshot of the condition of England's historic sites. In London, 16 sites were added to the 2026 register, while 24 sites were removed, indicating successful preservation efforts. Notable removals from this year's list include a restored Georgian house in Tottenham and the Italian Terraces at Crystal Palace.
Sarah Jarvis, chair of trustees at Kirkaldy's Testing Works, highlighted the significance of the site. "Finding David Kirkaldy’s massive, still-working Universal Testing Machine in its original setting so close to central London is a huge, and often joyful surprise for many people," Jarvis stated. She encouraged individuals interested in innovation and design to support the volunteer-run charity's efforts to ensure a sustainable future for the site.
Questions this report answers
+Why has Kirkaldy's Testing Works been added to the Heritage at Risk Register?
Kirkaldy's Testing Works has been added to the register due to extensive damp and water damage identified in its basement. This condition puts the historic Grade II* listed building at risk of further deterioration, prompting Historic England to highlight its vulnerability.
+What is Kirkaldy's Testing Works?
Kirkaldy's Testing Works, built in 1873 in Southwark, is recognised as the world's first purpose-built commercial materials testing laboratory. It houses the 116-ton Universal Testing Machine designed by David Kirkaldy, which is still operational and used for demonstrations.
+What does the Heritage at Risk Register do?
The Heritage at Risk Register, published annually by Historic England, identifies historic buildings and places that are vulnerable to neglect, decay, or inappropriate development. It serves to highlight sites needing attention and protection to prevent their loss.
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